Everything about Sulfur Monoxide totally explained
Sulfur monoxide is a
chemical compound with
formula and
CAS number 13827-32-2. It is an unstable
species only found in the gas phase where it's in equilibrium with a dimeric form, S
2O
2 (sometimes called disulfur dioxide) which can be represented as OSSO. Sulfur monoxide has been detected around
Io, one of
Jupiters moons, both in the atmosphere and in the
plasma torus. It has also been found in the atmosphere of Venus, in the Hale-Bopp comet and in
interstellar space.
Structure and bonding
The SO molecule has a triplet ground state similar to
dioxygen, O
2, with two unpaired electrons. The S−O bond length of 148.1 pm is similar to that found in
lower sulfur oxides (for example S
8O, S−O = 148 pm) but is longer than the S−O bond in gaseous S
2O (146 pm),
SO2 (143.1 pm) and
SO3 (142 pm).
Production of the transient SO molecule as a reagent in organic syntheses has been investigated. Research has centred on using compounds that decompose under reaction conditions to "extrude" SO. Examples include the decomposition of the relatively simple molecule
thiirane 1-oxide:
» C
2H
4OS → C
2H
4(g) + SO(g)
as well as more complex examples for example a trisulfide oxide, C
10H
6S
3O,
On
Io the production of SO is believed to be both volcanic and also
photochemical. The principal
photochemical reactions proposed are:
» O + S
2 → S + SO
» SO
2 + hν → SO +O
The SO molecule is thermodynamically unstable :
- σ donation forming a bent bond with the metal
- bridging across 2 or 3 metal centres via sulfur
- edge on bridging
SO inserts into
alkenes,
alkynes and
dienes producing molecules with three membered rings containing sulfur.
The triplet ground state molecule with two unpaired electrons can be excited by near infrared light to the singlet state with no unpaired electrons. The singlet state is believed be more reactive than the ground state triplet state, in the same way that
singlet oxygen is more reactive than the
triplet ground state.
Sulfur monoxide may have some biological activity, the formation of transient SO in porcine coronary artery has been inferred from the reaction products.
Uses
A chemiluminescence detector for sulfur has been reportedthat is based on the reactions:
» SO + O
3 → SO
2(excited) + O
2
SO
2(excited) → SO
2 + hν
==
Further Information
Get more info on 'Sulfur Monoxide'.
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